01

Mission & Values

ERA's choice-based program framework and core value milestones

Eagle Ranch Academy is a choice-based program that helps students reach their full potential as productive, happy, and successful young adults. ERA's approach focuses on core values and relationships, setting the program apart from other traditional behavior approach programs. Students continue through levels sequentially as they demonstrate behaviors that align with the milestones of the core values described below.

Value Scoring Scale

Not Working
NW
<25% achieved
Rarely Working
RW
<50% achieved
Occasionally Working
OW
<75% achieved
Working
W
≥75% achieved
9 Milestones

Self-Discovery

Emphasizes commitment to the program and engagement in activities.

  • Doing calisthenics
  • Classroom structure
  • Program participation
8 Milestones

Accountability

Students demonstrating accountability will take responsibility for their actions and show self-awareness.

  • Accountable for behavior
  • Aware of moods
  • Does not make excuses
8 Milestones

Honesty

Encompasses being able to express thoughts in a respectful manner to peers and staff.

  • Honest with staff and peers
  • Using "I feel" statements
  • Regulating mood
8 Milestones

Forgiveness

Includes letting go of grudges; especially family and themselves.

  • Forgives self and others
  • Doesn't hold grudges
  • Doesn't play get back
13 Milestones

Acceptance

The ability to use appropriate coping and problem-solving skills to take "no" for an answer respectfully.

  • Accepts feedback
  • Accepts no as an answer
  • Demonstrates confidence
7 Milestones

Integrity

Involves the ability to lead and take initiative. Building integrity involves being mindful of one's actions in all contexts.

  • Mindful of others
  • Being a leader
  • Mentoring others
6 Milestones

Respect / Trust

Students learn how to open up to others and make safe judgments. Respecting others and one's self develops leadership.

  • Respectful of self and others
  • Trustworthy
  • Showing leadership
5 Milestones

Service

Entails time management, mentorship, and altruism which characterizes growing independence and leadership.

  • Staying present
  • Sets a good example
  • Being of service to others
02

Demographics

Composition of ERA's student sample (n=62)

15.63yrs
Average student age
SD = 0.95
58%
Male students
42%
Female students
45%
10th graders
(largest cohort)

Figure 1 — Ethnicity

Breakdown of student ethnic backgrounds

Figure 2 — Grade Level at Admit

Distribution of grade levels upon enrollment

03

Diagnoses at Intake

Individual and aggregate diagnostic profile upon admission

On average, students entered the program meeting criteria for 3 independent diagnoses. The most frequently occurring individual level diagnosis was major depressive disorder followed by generalized anxiety and mood disorders. On aggregate, substance use disorders were the most common diagnostic category followed by familial problems and mood disorders.

Figure 3 — Individual Diagnoses at Intake

Count of each individual diagnosis at admission

Figure 4 — Aggregated Diagnostic Categories at Intake

Grouped diagnostic categories at admission

Behavioral = oppositional defiant + adjustment. Depression = persistent/recurring depressive + bereavement. Familial = family/sibling/parent-child + reactive attachment. Anxiety = generalized anxiety + social phobias + PTSD. Substance = cannabis/alcohol/sedative dependence + substance abuse. Mood = bipolar disorders + mood disorders.

04

Diagnoses at Discharge

Individual diagnostic profile at program completion

On average, 75% of students completed the program between 190–381 days after intake. The most frequently occurring individual diagnosis remission was major depressive disorders followed by generalized anxiety and cannabis disorders. No students were classified as having a substance abuse or schizoaffective disorder, actively self-harming, or having other problems at discharge. Over 71 diagnoses were classified as in remission or currently managed at discharge and 4 individuals had no diagnosis at discharge.

Figure 5 — Individual Diagnoses at Discharge

Count of each individual diagnosis status at discharge

05

Intake vs. Discharge Comparison

Statistically significant reductions across all diagnostic categories

Figure 6 — Aggregated Diagnoses: Intake vs. Discharge

Side-by-side comparison of diagnostic category counts from admission to program completion

A large majority of intake diagnoses were reclassified to remission or managed by the time of discharge. Values listed are individual diagnoses and do not represent instances of multiple diagnoses at intake.

Reduction by Diagnostic Category

Diagnostic Category Intake Count Discharge Count Reduction Visual
Substance Use310100%
Depression26292%
Mood Disorders27582%
Family Issues30680%
Behavioral Issues8450%
Anxiety241921%

Figures 7 & 8 — Intake vs. Discharge by Category

Substance Use

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant

Family Issues

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant

Behavioral Issues

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant

Depression

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant

Anxiety

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant

Mood Disorders

Intake
Discharge
✓ Statistically Significant
06

Diagnoses by Gender

Figures 10 & 11 — Comparison of diagnostic categories across male and female students

In general, diagnoses did not differ significantly across gender with the exception of anxiety at intake (p<0.05), where females showed higher rates. The number of mental and behavioral health diagnoses in remission at discharge were stable across gender. With the exception of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders, males were overrepresented in all diagnostic categories.

Figure 10 — Diagnoses at Intake by Gender

Figure 11 — Diagnoses at Discharge by Gender

07

Program Progression

Average days required to progress through each program level

Although students in all mental and behavioral health diagnostic categories completed the program, progression through levels varied by diagnostic cluster. Students with depression required more days from accountability to honesty; students with behavioral disorders progressed faster from honesty to forgiveness; and students with mood disorders required the most days from honesty to forgiveness.

Figure 12 — Average Days to Reach Each Level (Total Sample)

Figure 13 — Progression by Gender (Days)

Figure 14 — Progression by Diagnostic Category (Days)

Table 1 — Average Weeks Between Levels (Total Sample)

Transition Mean Weeks (SD)
Admit → Self-Discovery4.92 (6.84)
Self-Discovery → Accountability10.97 (5.49)
Accountability → Honesty7.35 (3.00)
Honesty → Forgiveness10.85 (4.54)
Forgiveness → Acceptance8.38 (3.57)
Acceptance → Integrity8.79 (3.55)
Integrity → Respect/Trust9.50 (12.51)
Respect/Trust → Service3.15 (1.63)

Table 2 — Average Weeks by Gender

TransitionMalesFemales
Admit → Self-Discovery3.966.24
Self-Discovery → Accountability10.9011.07
Accountability → Honesty7.527.11
Honesty → Forgiveness11.0710.53
Forgiveness → Acceptance8.558.10
Acceptance → Integrity8.718.93
Integrity → Respect/Trust8.7910.49
Respect/Trust → Service2.903.47

Table 3 — Average Weeks by Diagnostic Category

TransitionSubstanceFamilyBehaviorDepressionAnxietyMood
Admit → Self-Discovery3.995.764.903.974.306.36
Self-Discovery → Accountability9.7811.435.0711.7011.8210.58
Accountability → Honesty6.477.916.258.58*8.157.32
Honesty → Forgiveness11.6810.497.38*9.8210.4712.88*
Forgiveness → Acceptance7.698.687.847.847.589.00
Acceptance → Integrity8.409.476.258.227.579.87
Integrity → Respect/Trust11.116.316.008.4810.7410.70
Respect/Trust → Service2.923.473.073.152.903.36

* Statistically significant difference in progression days from other diagnostic categories

08

School Outcomes

Academic achievement and GPA changes from intake to discharge

Students are progressing from 7th to 12th grade during their time at ERA. Students exited ERA at a higher grade level than they entered. Average GPA increased significantly from 2.29 at intake to 3.25 at discharge (p<0.01). Both male and female students demonstrated statistically significant GPA improvement.
GPA at Intake
2.29
GPA at Discharge
3.25
+0.96 points (p<0.01)

Figure 7 — Grade Level at Intake vs. Discharge

Students progressed to higher grade levels during the program

Figure 8 & 9 — GPA by Gender: Intake vs. Discharge

Both male and female students showed significant GPA improvement (p<0.01)

Males: 2.09 → 3.23 (p=0.0051)  |  Females: 2.58 → 3.28 (p=0.0034)

09

Summary of Findings

Key conclusions from the independent evaluation

1

The 62 representative Eagle Ranch Academy students reported the following ethnic backgrounds: 80.65% Caucasian, 6.45% Russian, 4.84% African American, 3.23% each of Asian and Latino, and 1.61% East Indian. Of these, 3% were 7th graders, 5% were 8th graders, 26% were 9th graders, 45% were 10th graders, and 21% were 11th graders.

2

The majority of students successfully complete the ERA program between 190–360 days. There were no significant differences in days to completion for males and females.

3

After completing ERA's treatment program, there was a significant reduction in active diagnoses in all mental and behavioral health categories.

4

Although there were fewer students who experienced remission for anxiety disorders from intake to discharge, these results are not discouraging. Many students with anxiety have co-morbid conditions. Remission for depression, substance use, and mood disorders is a necessary step towards developing the coping skills to effectively address and manage symptoms of anxiety — by nature, chronic and difficult to treat.

5

The number of mental and behavioral health diagnoses in remission at discharge were stable across gender.

6

With the exception of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders, males were overrepresented in all diagnostic categories.

7

Although students in all diagnostic categories completed the program, progression through levels varied by diagnostic cluster. Students with depression required more days from accountability to honesty. Students with behavioral disorder diagnoses required fewer days from honesty to forgiveness. Students with mood disorder diagnoses required more days from honesty to forgiveness than any other diagnostic cluster.

10

Recommendations

Forward-looking guidance from the independent evaluator

  1. Eagle Ranch Academy staff provide a comprehensive systems level approach to treatment. Services include multiple modalities of family therapy and individual, student therapeutic services.

  2. Services are grounded in evidence-based approaches that include Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), and Trauma-Focused CBT.

  3. Based upon the current evaluation, there were significant reductions in the number of students with active anxiety disorder diagnosis from intake to discharge. However, tailoring therapeutic services that facilitate anxiety symptom management may benefit this subset of students.

  4. Future evaluation efforts should incorporate more frequent assessments of psychological and behavioral functioning using reliable and valid instruments. One advantage to using standardized instruments is consensus across health sectors (e.g., academics, insurance providers, other service-based organizations).

  5. Although the current report provides a snapshot of academic and school progress, future assessments should consider expanding the number of student academic records in evaluation data.